123: The Ogoni 9

On November 10, 1995, the government of Nigeria, at the urging of Royal Dutch Shell, executed nine environmental and indigenous rights activists known as the Ogoni 9. They had fought nonviolently to protect their ancestral home: a 400 square mile area of the Niger River Delta known as Ogoniland, which had been turned into hell on earth by decades of oil extraction. Who were the Ogoni 9, how did they fight back, and has there been any justice for these terrible crimes?

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Sources and Further Reading

Nigeria: Ogoni 9 activists remembered 25 years on: Link

Remembering Nigeria’s Ogoni 9, Murdered for Their Organizing Against Shell: Link

Nigeria: Shell complicit in the arbitrary executions of Ogoni Nine as writ served in Dutch court: Link

Dutch court will hear widows' case against Shell over deaths of Ogoni Nine: Link

The Case Against Shell: The Hanging of Ken Saro-Wiwa: Link

The final Trial of Ken Saro-Wiwa: Link

Faces Of Africa Ken Saro-Wiwa: All For My People: Link

Long-term effects of oil spills in Bodo, Nigeria: Link

Ken Saro-Wiwa / Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People: Link

Cleaning up Nigerian oil pollution could take 30 years, cost billions – UN: Link

Ogoni Bill of Rights: Link

Ken Saro-Wiwa trial proceedings to resume without adequate legal defense: Link

THE KEN SARO-WIWA TRIAL: A JUDICIAL TRAVESTY THAT MADE NIGERIA A COMMONWEALTH PARIAH: Link

It took five tries to hang Saro-Wiwa: Link

Ken-Saro Wiwa Killer Judge Becomes Acting Chief Judge Of Nigeria: Link